M in Old English Letters
By Maya Chen, lettering designer and type educator · Checked by Jordan Hale · · How we review content
Rendered in the UnifrakturMaguntia typeface, an open-source font. It is a reference shape, not a hand-drawn letter.
M is the widest letter in the alphabet and, in blackletter, one of the hardest to keep legible. The capital is built from arches and stems with an ornamental curve at the top, and it can look like a cluster of loops. The lowercase m is a set of three stems joined by two arches, and it tests your spacing more than any other letter.
Outline version to colour or trace
How to draw a Old English capital M
- 1Draw the left stem as a thick downstroke at about 45 degrees, with a diamond head and flat foot.
- 2Add the first arch as a curved stroke from the top of the stem, bending right and down into a second stem.
- 3Draw the second arch and third stem in the same way, keeping the gaps equal and the stems parallel.
- 4Finish with a small curl at the top left and a hairline link between the arches, then check that the whole letter fits a square.
Tip: Plan the width in stem units. If you divide the letter into equal gaps first, the arches fall into place and the M does not end up lopsided.
How to draw a Old English lowercase m
- 1Draw the first stem as a short downstroke with a diamond head and foot at the x-height.
- 2Add the first arch as a thin curve from the stem top, ending in a second stem that matches the first.
- 3Repeat the arch to make a third stem, keeping every gap equal to the inside of an n.
- 4Check the three feet against the baseline and adjust any that fall short.
Tip: Write an m, then a row of n's. The first two stems of the m should match any n, and if they do not, your spacing is uneven.
What makes M awkward or easy
The M is awkward because it has more strokes than any other letter, and the capital's ornamental arches can run together into dark patches. The lowercase demands three even gaps in a narrow space, so small errors accumulate quickly across the width.
Variations
Textura capital M often has a compact, vertical structure, while Fraktur forms add rounder arches and a flourish at the top. Some Rotunda and Schwabacher forms are wider and rounder. As with other capitals, individual alphabets mix these features, so be careful about assuming a single standard.
Common mistakes with Old English M
The gaps between the stems are unequal.
Mark the stem positions with light pencil ticks at equal intervals before inking.
The arches of the capital run together in a dark mass.
Lighten the arches with the corner of the nib and keep the white space inside each one open.
The lowercase m is much wider than n and u.
Aim for about one and a half times the width of an n, and tighten the gaps accordingly.
Ideas for Old English M
M is a good initial for names like Maya, Miguel or Magnus, and for mastheads such as The Morning Post. Because it is so wide, a gothic M works well as a bold centrepiece in a logo, and lowercase m's repetition gives interesting texture in a single-word tattoo.
Printable Old English M sheet
Trace the outlines, then fill the empty rows with your own letters.
Old English letter M m Name: ____________________ · coolletteringgenerator.com
Old English M you can copy and paste
Both the capital M and the lowercase m have normal mathematical Fraktur forms. Fraktur: 𝔐 (U+1D510) and 𝔪 (U+1D52A). Bold Fraktur: 𝕸 (U+1D578) and 𝖒 (U+1D592).
Old English M: questions
Why is the Old English capital M so hard to read?
How wide should a blackletter lowercase m be?
What is the best way to practise M?
Keep going
- Old English AlphabetThe Old English alphabet most people search for is blackletter: dense, angular, ornate capitals and lowercase seen on newspaper mastheads, diplomas and tattoos. This page shows A to Z, explains why the name gets confused with the early English language, teaches the hard capitals, and links to Fraktur text you can copy.
- Old English Text GeneratorThis Old English text generator converts your words into 𝕭𝖑𝖆𝖈𝖐𝖑𝖊𝖙𝖙𝖊𝖗 Gothic letters. Type, tap a style to copy it, then paste it into a name, bio, caption or message.
- Old English Alphabet vs Old English FontThe Old English alphabet and the "Old English" font are unrelated: the alphabet belongs to the language of Beowulf, written in runes and then Insular script, while the font is blackletter. See the letters of each and how to get the one you want.
- How to Draw a Bubble Letter M With Three Round ArchesDraw a bubble letter M with a shallow middle dip and open counters, and the lowercase m made of two rounded arches on a stem. Fixes for common errors.
- How to Write M in Cursive
- M in Different Fonts