Y in Old English Letters
By Maya Chen, lettering designer and type educator · Checked by Jordan Hale · · How we review content
Rendered in the UnifrakturMaguntia typeface, an open-source font. It is a reference shape, not a hand-drawn letter.
Y is a letter of two halves, a V at the top and a stem below, and in blackletter that stem often swings out into a decorative tail. The capital has a heavy left arm, a thin right arm and a stem that rests on the baseline, while the lowercase y dips below the line like g and p. Beginners find it easy to build but hard to balance.
Outline version to colour or trace
How to draw a Old English capital Y
- 1Draw the heavy left arm as a diagonal at about 45 degrees from the top left to the centre, ending in a diamond.
- 2Add the thin right arm as a diagonal from the top right to the same point, using the corner of the nib.
- 3Draw the stem from the junction down to the baseline, giving it the full width of the pen and a diamond foot.
- 4Add a small hook at the left end of the arm and check that the junction sits at the middle of the letter.
Tip: Keep the junction at the centre of the letter's height. If it sits too high, the Y appears top-heavy, and if too low, it looks like a V on a stick.
How to draw a Old English lowercase y
- 1Draw the left arm as a short diagonal from the x-height down to the junction, starting with a diamond head.
- 2Add the right arm as a thin line from the top right, meeting the first at the junction.
- 3Pull the stem past the baseline, curving to the left in two facets to form the tail.
- 4Finish the tail with a diamond or small point, matching the descenders of g and p.
Tip: Draw the tail last, after the arms are in place. That way you can adjust its length to fit the space beneath the line.
What makes Y awkward or easy
The Y is awkward because it combines diagonals and a vertical in one form, and the lowercase also descends below the line. It can be confused with v or with p at a small size, particularly if the tail is faint.
Variations
Textura y often has a straight, short tail ending in a point, while Fraktur y is more curved and flowing. Capital Y forms vary widely and sometimes use a swash tail. Check a specimen for a given alphabet.
Common mistakes with Old English Y
The junction is placed too high.
Pencil a guide at the middle height and bring both arms to it.
The tail is too long and runs into the next line.
Shorten it and leave extra line spacing.
Both arms are equally heavy.
Use the nib's corner for the right arm to create the contrast.
Ideas for Old English Y
Y is a good initial for names like Yara, Yusuf or Yvonne, and for words like Yeoman on a crest. A gothic Y has a strong symmetrical shape that suits patches and caps, and the lowercase y offers a graceful tail in a tattoo word.
Printable Old English Y sheet
Trace the outlines, then fill the empty rows with your own letters.
Old English letter Y y Name: ____________________ · coolletteringgenerator.com
Old English Y you can copy and paste
Both the capital Y and the lowercase y have normal mathematical Fraktur forms. Fraktur: 𝔜 (U+1D51C) and 𝔶 (U+1D536). Bold Fraktur: 𝖄 (U+1D584) and 𝖞 (U+1D59E).
Old English Y: questions
How do I stop the Y looking like a V on a stick?
Does lowercase y go below the line?
Is the Y the same in all blackletter styles?
Keep going
- Old English AlphabetThe Old English alphabet most people search for is blackletter: dense, angular, ornate capitals and lowercase seen on newspaper mastheads, diplomas and tattoos. This page shows A to Z, explains why the name gets confused with the early English language, teaches the hard capitals, and links to Fraktur text you can copy.
- Old English Text GeneratorThis Old English text generator converts your words into 𝕭𝖑𝖆𝖈𝖐𝖑𝖊𝖙𝖙𝖊𝖗 Gothic letters. Type, tap a style to copy it, then paste it into a name, bio, caption or message.
- Old English Alphabet vs Old English FontThe Old English alphabet and the "Old English" font are unrelated: the alphabet belongs to the language of Beowulf, written in runes and then Insular script, while the font is blackletter. See the letters of each and how to get the one you want.
- Y in Bubble Letters: Arms, Tail and Lowercase DescenderDraw a bubble letter Y, capital and lowercase: two fat arms merging into a stem, plus a lowercase tail that drops below the line. Steps, fixes and circled Y symbols.
- How to Write Y in Cursive
- Y in Different Fonts